Ethan's speech pathologist sent home his report from his evaluation for his upcoming triennial review. Two things about it seem a little strange.
1. One of the tests aimed to discover how well Ethan uses appropriate pronouns. The speech pathologist seems to acknowledge this particular problem. The report says:
On many occasions, Ethan provided an appropriate response to the given sentence, however since it was not the targeted response, credit was not allowed (e.g Ethan was shown a picture of a school choir and given the sentence "the choir has a song to sing -- who will sing a song". Ethan replied with "the choir", however the targeted response was "they will").
In ordinary English, "the choir" is actually a more natural response to that question than "they will". Ethan's response is actually superior to the officially-accepted one, taking just the question in isolation. Only if you know that the rules of the game expect you to respond with a sentence including a pronoun will you prefer "they will". Even then, it sounds sort of artificial, but a student who understands the pragmatics of the conversation might do all right on this question. A student with problems involving the pragmatics of conversation will almost certainly not. Ethan has problems with the pragmatics of conversation, which means this question will not test what it's supposed to be testing, which is the proper use of pronouns, but rather the pragmatic ability to discover the conversational rules of the language game being played. So this seems to be a badly-designed test. I wonder how the rest of the test is. This is the only example she gave.
2. Another test involved recognizing semantic absurdities. Presumably with an eight-year-old kid they won't be asking things on the level of the liar paradox, but I would hope they could do better than the example the speech pathologist gave in her report. She says that he couldn't recognize that the sentence, "The plumber fixed the lights" is silly. I can't either. My uncle was a plumber, and he probably fixed lights at some point in his life. He did own his own house, after all. That sentence is perfectly meaningful, and there's nothing absurd about it. I could see how this would be a nice sentence to test actual understanding of semantic absurdity, because some kids might be fooled into thinking that it's semantically absurd, when it's not. But the test actually has it doing the opposite. The kids who can see that it's a meaningful sentence come out with a lower score for vocabulary recognition.
The speech pathologist concludes, "This indicates that Ethan demonstrated difficulty understanding the target words in the sentences that were used incorrectly." Maybe there were other sentences where that's true, but this example shows nothing of the sort. Ethan knows full well what the word "plumber" means, and that's the most difficult word in the sentence. One of the tests the psychologist gave to him during this process tested his vocabulary at the level of the second half of sixth grade (he's in third). His problem wasn't that he doesn't understand the vocabulary in the sentence but that he knows something the test designers didn't, which is that the sentence in question is perfectly meaningful in English and could easily be used without anything silly going on. Unlike the first example, the speech pathologist didn't seem to recognize this fact.
Update: I should say that I accept that you can derive an absurdity from this second example, if you provide a particular context, e.g. if you're told that the plumber is carrying out a job as a hired plumber and doing only that job. If you say enough that someone who understands English fully competently, together with the pragmatic rules of conversation, will understand all that information, then perhaps such a person would think such information tells against thinking the plumber will be fixing lights. But that's precisely my point. You need a pragmatic context to derive the absurdity, and this isn't a test of pragmatics but of semantic absurdities. There's nothing semantically absurd about that sentence.


I was walking home tonight from a talk on campus, and I saw a crowd coming out of the community center on the corner of my street, and as I cut through their parking lot to get to my street I was sort of cutting through the crowd. I saw a few people dressed pretty formally as I went by, which seemed strange to me for people coming out of a community center event, and I saw the guy I'd just passed by being led as if the guy leading him was something like a bodyguard to keep people at a distance. As I was moving away, I looked back and got a good look at his face. It was Ralph Nader, who I'd just heard was in town and was about to speak on campus tonight. I guess he had just finished a talk at the community center. I'm not sure I would have connected his face with who he really was if I hadn't just been talking about him. I'm sure I would have thought he looked really familiar, but Ralph Nader isn't exactly the sort of person I'd expect to see on my own street. Well, there he was, and I was probably only a few feet from him.




We finally got the second set of pictures back from the first week of what the United States government counts as Sophia's life. It's amazing how different she already looks at three weeks. Newborns really do look like prunes for a while.


As it turns out, this is my 725th post. Here are some pictures from the hospital. All pictures of me and most of Isaiah looked awful, so I picked the best of everyone else and the one decent one of him. First is Sam and Sophia last night, the night after the delivery. You can't see Sophia as well in this one, but the first priority is always to show off Mommy and baby together. Next is one of the best of the early pictures of Sophia. As you can see, she likes to try to put her hand in her mouth, but most of the time she just gets blanket. She did enjoy the small store-bought pacifier once she got it in all the way, but then she fell asleep and it fell out. To the right is another one that I believe was taken the next day (yesterday).
Here's Ethan with his ducky and Alfred from LarryBoy, the Veggie Tales spoof of Batman. If you look closely you can see the remains of the tail Sam sewed onto the duck for him to play with, since he had the original tag he used to play with cut off by his mean Auntie Tiffany. Ducky usually goes everywhere with him, but he isn't allowed to have it during school. To the right, you can see him staring, captivated by his new little sister. I think she freaks him out a little bit, but he's very interested, whereas he wasn't at all when he first met her. Isaiah still can't bothered by her. He'd rather knock all the books off the shelves now that Mommy's home to get mad about it. While she was in the hospital, he just wanted to put playing cards back in their box one at a time for 45-minute stretches.

Here are three more taken the night after the delivery. I look pretty terrible in the one I'm in, but Sam thinks it's not that bad. I guess some of the others were much worse. I wanted a picture with all of us, though, and this is the best one with Isaiah. He's only in a few, and most of them don't show his whole face or display really unfavorable looks on his face. He didn't really want anything last night except to fall asleep in my arms. In the other picture with all of us, my head was already cut off. I didn't even have to modify that one.








































































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